Ethnic Identity and Linguistic Practice: Exploring the Language–Ethnicity Nexus

Abstract

This article explores the complex relationship between language and ethnicity, emphasizing how linguistic practices serve as both reflections and constructions of ethnic identity. Drawing on foundational sociolinguistic theories—such as Ethnolinguistic Vitality, identity performance models, and Bourdieu’s notion of symbolic power—the study examines how language functions as a cultural symbol, a tool for boundary negotiation, and a means of resistance or alignment. Through examples from minority communities including the Basques, Navajo, Uighurs, and Kurds, as well as a case vignette involving Azerbaijani youth in Baku, the article highlights how language choices can express solidarity, identity, or cultural tension. It further analyzes the effects of language shift, marginalization, and global migration on the continuity of ethnic identities. Special attention is given to the role of educational language policy in either reinforcing or suppressing ethnic diversity. The study advocates for inclusive pedagogical models that honor linguistic plurality and support identity formation in multicultural contexts. By demonstrating the centrality of language in ethnic identity negotiation, the article underscores the importance of recognizing language not only as a communicative tool but as a critical element in the maintenance of cultural and social cohesion.